c. 23,000BC 'Venus of Willendorf' is sculpted
c. AD100 Vindobona is established as a Roman military camp
c. 800 Charlemagne establishes the Carolingian March
976 Babenbergs are given power over parts of present-day Austria
1132 First recorded vineyard in Vienna
1156 Duchy of Austria is declared
1192 Leopold V holds Richard the Lionheart to ransom, then uses the money to fortify Vienna and Wiener Neustadt
1278 Rudolf von Hapsburg first takes power
1282 Rudolf gives his sons the duchies of Austria and Styria
1365 University of Vienna is founded
1433 St Stephen's Cathedral is completed
1498 Vienna Boys' Choir is founded by Maximilian I
1522 Hapsburg dynasty splits into Austrian and Spanish branches
1526 Austrian Hapsburgs inherit Bohemia and Hungary
1529 Turks besiege Vienna
1683 Turks beseige Vienna again
1713 Schönbrunn Palace is constructed
1716-39 Construction of the Karlskirche
1740-90 Empress Maria-Theresa ('Mother of the Country') and her son, Josef II, oversee reforms in Vienna
1784 Josef II officially recognises Heurigen and allows them to establish their own prices for the wine sold on their premises
1791 Mozart dies in Vienna
1804 Emperor Franz I establishes the Empire of Austria
1805 and 1809 Vienna is occupied by Napoleon's armies
1814-15 Congress of Vienna
1848 Emperor puts down citizens' revolt
1848-1916 Austrian Empire is ruled by Emperor Franz Joseph
1857-65 City walls are demolished and are replaced by Ringstrasse and its buildings
1867 Johann Strauss composes the Blue Danube waltz
1867 Dual monarchy of Austria–Hungary comes into being
1897 Secession art movement is formed
1899 The death of Johann Strauss
1907 The first Postbus service was inaugurated on 6 August in what is now South Tyrol (Italy)
1918 Austrian Empire is dismantled; end of the Hapsburg dynasty; the republic of Austria is proclaimed
1918-34 The 'Red Vienna' period of socialism
1938-45 The Anschluss – Austria is annexed by Nazi Germany
1945-55 Vienna regains independence but is divided into zones and occupied by Russia, UK, USA and France
1979 UN City opens
1995 Austria becomes a member of the European Union
2006 Austria celebrates the 250th anniversary of the birth of Mozart