Southern Africa.

GMT + 2.

30,355 sq km (11,720 sq miles).

2.1 million (CIA estimate 2007).

70 per sq km.

Maseru. Population: 170,000 (UN estimate 2003).

Lesotho is a landlocked country surrounded on all sides by South Africa. It is a mountainous kingdom situated at the highest part of the Drakensberg escarpment on the eastern rim of the South African plateau. Its mountainous terrain is cut by countless valleys and ravines, making it a country of great beauty. To the west, the land descends through a foothill zone of rolling hills to a lowland belt along the border where two-thirds of the population live. Three large rivers, the Caledon, the Orange and the Tugela, rise in the mountains.

Kingdom. Gained independence from the UK in 1966.

King Letsie III since 1996.

Prime Minister Bethuel Pakalitha Mosisili since 1998.

Sesotho and English.

Around 80% Christian; mainly Anglican, Roman Catholic and Lesotho Evangelical. Indigenous beliefs account for the remaining 20%.

220 volts AC, 50Hz.

If spending some time in rural villages, it is polite to inform the head chief. It is likely that he will be very helpful. Normal social courtesies and a friendly, warm approach will be greatly appreciated. Dress should be practical and casual but local customs should be respected (including those regarding modesty in dress). Religion plays an important part in daily life.

Photography: Photographs must not be taken of the following: the palace, police establishments, government offices, the airport or monetary authority buildings.