Vaccinations
| Special Precautions | |
|---|---|
| Diphtheria | Yes |
| Hepatitis A | Yes |
| Malaria | No |
| Rabies | Sometimes |
| Tetanus | Yes |
| Typhoid | Sometimes |
| Yellow Fever | No* |
|
Inoculation regulations can change at short notice. Please take medical advice in the case of doubt. Where 'Sometimes' appears in the table above, precautions may be
required, depending on the season and region visited.
|
* A certificate of vaccination is required from travellers over one year of age coming from infected areas.
Food and Drink
Mains water is normally chlorinated and, whilst relatively safe, may cause mild abdominal upsets. Bottled water is advised, especially outside Tirana, and should be used for cleaning teeth, washing food, making ice and, of course, drinking. Drinking water outside main cities and towns is likely to be contaminated and sterilisation is considered essential. Milk is pasteurised and dairy products are safe for consumption. Local meat, poultry, seafood, fruit and vegetables are under the control of sanitary/hygiene authorities and are generally considered safe to eat. Avoid cooked food offered by street traders unless you are sure it is freshly prepared and piping hot.
Other Risks
Immunisation against hepatitis B and tuberculosis is sometimes recommended. Campers and trekkers should avoid tick bites and consider immunisation against tick-borne encephalitis, which has been reported in the north. Rabies is present. For those at high risk, vaccination before arrival should be considered. If you are bitten abroad seek medical advice without delay.
Health Care
Medical facilities are extremely basic (including accident and emergency) and there is a lack of supplies and doctors. Visitors are advised to avoid using the dental facilities available. If taking prescribed drugs, visitors should bring a supply. Foreign travellers will be excluded from payment for emergency medical treatment and first aid. However, international travellers are strongly advised to take out full medical insurance before departure.
