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Icebergs in southern Iceland

© 123rf.com / Mary Lane

Iceland Travel Guide

Key Facts
Area: 

103,000 sq km (39,769 sq miles).

Population: 

304,000 (2008).

Population density: 

3 per sq km.

Capital: 

Reykjavík. Population: 118,000 (city); 198,000 (metropolitan area) (2008).

Government: 

Republic. Gained full independence from Denmark in 1944.

Head of state: 

President Ólafur Ragnar Grimsson since 1996.

Head of government: 

Prime Minister Johanna Sigurdardottir since 2009.

Electricity: 

220 volts AC, 50Hz. Plugs are two-pin.

Wild, rugged and colourful, Iceland, 'the land of ice and fire', is a country like no other: a contrasting landscape of black lava fields, red sulphur vents, boiling blue geysers and green valleys. Bays and fjords dot the coast, while in the interior rivers and waterfalls abound.

A large island in the North Atlantic close to the Arctic Circle, Iceland is one of the most volcanically active countries in the world. Hekla, in the south of Iceland, has erupted no fewer than 16 times, and was once described by clergymen as the gateway to Hell. Certainly, Iceland's seething mountains contribute to this sense of otherworldliness.

Around the coastal regions, Iceland is a bustle of activity, particularly in the capital city, Reykjavík, where more than half of Iceland's population lives. Reykjavík is set on a broad bay, surrounded by mountains, and is in an area of geothermal hot springs, creating a natural central heating system and pollution-free environment. It is a busy city combining old-fashioned wooden architecture and modern buildings. Despite being a relatively small capital city, Reykjavík has managed to forge a reputation for partying, and its nightclubs and bars are regularly filled with hordes of fun-loving citizens.

Whether you wish to quietly watch for birds or whales, or prefer to get active and ski, glacier skidoo or horse ride, Iceland amply provides for both.

Top events in Iceland

May
17

Presenting a varied programme of cultural events, this annual festival is a real treat for locals and visitors, young and old alike. Many of the...

June
16

Reykjavik hosts various Independence Day parades and there is a whole lot of street theater, sideshows and dancing to keep everyone entertained....

June
27

A game of midnight golf in Iceland is an unusual delight. The sun barely dips below the horizon and it's possible to pay golf round the clock.